Bullseye Scheduling Architecture

Mixed SKU
Palletizing.
Finally
Automated.

Most robotic palletizing systems optimize the arm. Bullseye Scheduling optimizes everything around it — eliminating the idle time that caps every static-position architecture.

400–600 Cases Per Hour
ARM ZONE 2 ZONE 3 ZONE 4
400–600 Cases per hour — real-world outbound mixed SKU
8 Dynamic positions around the arm — ratio shifts in real time
4 Station types — layer arm, case arm, tall pallet station, advanced pallet station
0 Arm idle time — Bullseye Scheduling eliminates wait states

The Hard Problem

Why Mixed SKU Is Still Mostly Manual

Robotic palletizing works well for a narrow slice of the problem — single SKU pallets, high quantities per line, consistent case dimensions. For those operations, static-position architectures hit 500+ cases per hour and the math is easy.

The moment you add mixed SKUs, variable donor pallet arrival, sub-5 qty per line, and outbound pallet complexity, throughput collapses. The arm sits idle waiting for the right donor. Build pallets wait in queue. The theoretical rate and the real-world rate diverge sharply.

The industry has treated this as an arm problem. It isn't. It's an orchestration problem.

The Idle Arm Problem
The arm can only pick what's positioned in front of it. When the right donor pallet isn't there, the arm waits — regardless of how fast it moves when it does pick.
Order-Level Thinking
Systems that think in orders, not picks, can't pool across orders to optimize against donor pallet availability. Partially-built pallets go to a queue and wait their turn.
Static Position Limits
Fixed donor positions around the arm cap flexibility. When you need 6 build pallets and 2 donors, a system with 4 fixed donor positions can't adapt.
Edge Cases Kill Throughput
Irregular cases, fragile products, low-velocity SKUs — the arm stumbles or fails, and the whole cell slows while the exception is handled manually.

The Architecture

Bullseye Scheduling
by Prime Robotics

Most systems optimize the arm.
Bullseye Scheduling optimizes everything around it.

The Four Zones

Center — The Arm
Always picking. Never waiting. The arm is the asset — every zone exists to keep it working at maximum rate.
2
Zone 2 — Build Pallet Buffer
Partially-built outbound pallets wait close to the arm. When the right donor arrives, PES immediately dispatches a MobilePallet to retrieve the waiting build pallet — zero lag between donor availability and arm picking.
3
Zone 3 — Active Donor Pallets
Donor pallets needed now or next are staged here. The arm never turns to find an empty position. PES ensures Zone 3 is populated before the arm finishes its current build pallet sequence.
4
Zone 4 — Queued Donor Pallets
Pallets needed soon pre-stage here while Zone 3 is consumed. By the time the arm needs them, they're already in position. The arm never idles waiting for inventory to arrive from storage.
Dynamic Ratio Shifting
The 8 positions around the arm aren't fixed roles. PES shifts the ratio in real time. Heavy donor arrival period: 5 donor / 3 build. Heavy outbound period: 2 donor / 6 build. The ratio always matches current operational conditions.
ZONE 4 — QUEUED DONORS ZONE 3 — ACTIVE DONORS ZONE 2 — BUILD BUFFER ARM ALWAYS PICKING BUILD BUILD BUILD BUILD DONOR DONOR DONOR DONOR Build Pallet Donor Pallet MobilePallet Robot
PES doesn't think in orders or pallets — it thinks in individual picks, pooled across all orders, optimized against live donor pallet availability.

Four Station Types. One Orchestrated Flow.

Every Case Gets
the Right Station

PES routes each build pallet to whichever station it needs next — in any order, any combination. A single build pallet can move from layer arm to human APS to case arm and back. Tall mixed-SKU pallets route to the TPS. The routing happens automatically based on what the order requires and what's available.

Station 01
🏗️
Layer Pick Arm
Full Layer Automation

Picks complete layers from donor pallets in a single movement. Highest throughput for SKUs where full-layer quantities make sense — typically high-velocity, consistent case dimensions.

  • Full pallet layer per cycle
  • Highest CPH rate for compatible SKUs
  • Vision-guided layer recognition
  • Compatible with mixed case heights
Station 02
🦾
Case Pick Arm
Individual Case Automation

Vision-guided arm picks individual cases. Handles medium-velocity SKUs with sufficient consistency for reliable robotic pick. Covers the wide range of cases the layer arm can't handle at full-layer scale.

  • Single case per pick cycle
  • Vision-guided position compensation
  • Handles varied case dimensions
  • Reliable on consistent product forms
Station 03
👤
Advanced Pallet Station
Human + PES Orchestration

A PES-directed human station handles edge cases — irregular, fragile, or low-velocity SKUs the arms can't reliably process. The worker is directed by PES with scan confirmation. No manual decision-making required.

  • PES-directed pick sequence
  • Scan confirmation every case
  • Handles irregular and fragile SKUs
  • Covers all arm-exception cases
Station 04
📦
Tall Pallet Station
25+ SKUs — Up to 108" Tall

The order profile nobody wanted to automate — 25+ unique SKUs, sub-3 qty per line, pallets up to 108" tall. One PES-directed worker builds multiple pallets simultaneously from an elevated platform while MobilePallet robots continuously replenish source pallets below.

  • Up to 108" finished pallet height
  • 25+ unique SKUs per pallet
  • Sub-3 qty per line order profiles
  • One worker — multiple simultaneous builds
  • MobilePallet robots replenish automatically
🔄
PES routes every build pallet to whichever station it needs next — automatically. Standard mixed-SKU pallets move between arm stations and the APS as needed. Tall pallets with 25+ SKUs and sub-3 qty per line route to the TPS. Partially-built pallets can cross all four station types in any order. The flow never stops.

How PES Thinks

Orders In.
Picks Out.

Every competing architecture we're aware of thinks at the order level — meaning a build pallet is "owned" by an order and waits for everything that order needs, in sequence.

PES decomposes every inbound order into individual picks. Those picks get pooled across all active orders and optimized against live donor pallet availability. The question PES asks isn't "which order is next?" — it's "which pick can I complete right now?"

The result: build pallets in the Zone 2 buffer that are waiting for a specific donor don't block the arm. The arm keeps picking other builds. When that donor arrives, PES immediately dispatches a MobilePallet from Zone 2, and the arm starts picking that SKU without interruption.

Input
Inbound Orders from WMS/ERP
Full order data: SKUs, quantities, pallet destinations, sequence constraints
PES Intelligence
Order → Individual Pick Decomposition
Every order becomes a pool of picks. Picks cross-referenced against live donor availability and arm position
Optimization
Pick Sequencing Across All Active Builds
Arm always gets the next best pick — regardless of which order or pallet it belongs to
Execution
MobilePallet Robots Move What the Arm Needs
Zone 2 buffer, Zone 3 active donors, Zone 4 queue — all coordinated in real time by PES
Output
Completed Build Pallets — Dispatch Ready
Stretch wrap, outbound staging, or direct dispatch — all orchestrated by PES with zero manual intervention

Real-World Throughput

The Number That Matters
Is the One at Shift End

Theoretical rates don't run your warehouse. What matters is sustained throughput in real outbound mixed-SKU conditions — variable order profiles, mixed donor pallet arrival, real exception rates.

Static Position Architectures
250–350
Cases Per Hour
Real-world sustained rate — outbound mixed SKU, variable order profiles, actual donor arrival patterns
VS
Bullseye Scheduling
400–600
Cases Per Hour
Projected sustained rate — same conditions, same SKU mix, eliminating idle time at the arm
Not an Arm Speed Claim
The arm picks at the same speed. The difference is how much of the shift it's actually picking vs. waiting. Bullseye Scheduling eliminates the wait states.
No-Overlap Gap
Static architectures ceiling at ~350 CPH in mixed outbound conditions. Bullseye Scheduling floors at ~400. That's a step change, not an incremental improvement.
Scales With Complexity
The throughput advantage grows as order complexity increases. More SKUs, lower quantities per line — the gap between static and dynamic scheduling widens.

Bullseye Scheduling throughput projections reflect mixed outbound SKU conditions with variable donor pallet arrival. Actual results depend on facility layout, SKU profile, and order mix. Contact Prime Robotics for an operation-specific assessment.

Bullseye Scheduling is an architecture from Prime Robotics — an American-owned warehouse automation company building full-stack robotic systems for complex operations. Prime manufactures the robots, writes the orchestration software, and deploys the complete system.
See Full Palletizing Platform →

Get a Private Walkthrough

See Bullseye
Scheduling In Action

Talk to a Prime engineer about your outbound order profile. We'll tell you quickly whether Bullseye Scheduling changes the math for your operation — and what the throughput projection looks like for your SKU mix.

📊
Order Profile Analysis
Share your SKU count, order profiles, and CPH target. We'll give you a realistic throughput projection.
🎥
Private Virtual Walkthrough
A 20-minute Teams call — we walk through the architecture, show active deployment footage, and answer technical questions.
🏭
On-Site Assessment
For qualified operations, a Prime engineer visits to assess your facility layout, donor pallet flow, and outbound requirements.